Cross-border electricity trade in Southeast Europe became notably more dynamic during Week 24, with regional flows reflecting a more fragmented balance rather than a uniform supply shortage. Regional net imports rose by 121.0 GWh, or 10.3%, to 1.30 TWh. The change followed adjustments to uneven generation patterns and shifting demand across individual markets.
Italy’s import position and price signals
Italy remained the central import hub of the regional system. Net imports into Italy increased by 130.9 GWh, or 13.8%, reaching 1.08 TWh. Demand rose by 6.7% to 5.12 TWh, while the weekly average day-ahead price was €123.17/MWh, the highest in the Southeast European comparison.
The weekly price premium continued to support additional inflows from surrounding markets, keeping Italy positioned as the key structural demand sink in the region.
Balkan export balances and changes in net positions
Several Balkan markets strengthened their export positions during the week. Bulgaria’s net exports increased by 41.3 GWh, or 103.2%. Greece more than doubled its net export balance, cutting net imports from 169.7 GWh to 61.9 GWh.
Türkiye also improved its export profile, with net exports rising by 53.1%, supported by strong growth in renewable generation.
Net import adjustments across Hungary, Croatia, Serbia and Romania
Hungary remained a net importer but reduced reliance on external supply. Net imports fell by 108.5 GWh, or 60.3%. Croatia recorded a modest improvement, with net imports declining by 8.9%, while Serbia’s import position stayed broadly stable.
Romania moved in the opposite direction, with net imports increasing by 5.3% over the week.
How regional spreads and interconnection shape flows
The overall trade structure points to Italy as the main commercial absorber of surplus electricity in Southeast Europe. Periods of stronger renewable generation in Türkiye and parts of the Balkans increase export availability across the region.
The direction and magnitude of surplus flows still depend on Italian demand strength, regional price differentials, and interconnection constraints. For market participants, Week 24 also highlighted that cross-border spread dynamics are increasingly central to regional electricity trade alongside national factors.
