Unpaid electricity bills in Greece declined during 2025 but remained at €2.98 billion, according to the latest figures. The arrears level was down from approximately €3.4 billion in 2024, a reduction of about 12%. The remaining balance continues to affect supplier liquidity and increases the cost carried by customers who pay their bills on time.
Arrears by voltage level and customer segment
Low-voltage consumers, including households and smaller businesses, accounted for approximately €2.1 billion of the total arrears. Medium-voltage customers owed €683.8 million, while high-voltage users were responsible for another €214.3 million. The largest individual category within low voltage was commercial, industrial and other business customers connected at that level, with arrears of approximately €819 million.
Households owed about €710 million, while medium-voltage companies accumulated around €577 million. High-voltage businesses were responsible for €55 million. These breakdowns show how the unpaid balances are distributed across different connection levels and customer types.
Debt tied to former suppliers and cost impact
The most difficult receivables are linked to customers who have already moved to another supplier. Approximately €1.53 billion, more than half of the outstanding market debt, relates to former customers. After a customer changes supplier, the previous provider retains the debt but loses the ongoing commercial relationship that could support repayment or restructuring.
The Greek energy regulator RAAEY estimates that these unpaid balances add around €0.0593/kWh to market costs. The additional burden is transmitted through provisions, financing charges, collection expenses and higher risk premiums demanded by suppliers.
Implications for supplier competition and payment arrangements
The arrears situation also affects competition among suppliers. Larger companies with stronger balance sheets can absorb delayed payments more easily, while smaller suppliers may need expensive working-capital facilities or tighter customer-selection policies. Persistent arrears therefore favour consolidation and raise entry barriers.
A durable solution would require stronger data-sharing between suppliers, enforceable payment arrangements and protection for genuinely vulnerable customers without allowing strategic non-payment to migrate between providers. Greece has reduced the headline debt, but the concentration of €1.53 billion among former customers remains the market’s most difficult structural liability.
