In 2025, Bosnia and Herzegovina maintained its electricity generation at 14.4 TWh, matching the output of the previous year despite significant declines in coal and hydropower production. The stability in overall generation was primarily attributed to the increased contributions from renewable energy sources, particularly wind and solar, which compensated for the reduced output from traditional energy sources.
Data from the country’s transmission operator and statistical authorities revealed that the dip in thermal and hydroelectric generation was largely counterbalanced by investments in privately financed renewable projects. Energy analyst Edhem Bičakčić emphasized that these renewable investments have become a critical component of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s power system, fundamentally altering the electricity supply structure.
Cross-border electricity trade experienced a downturn during the year, with exports declining to 7.8 TWh and imports falling to 5.4 TWh, both reflecting a decrease of approximately 9% compared to 2024. However, financial trends diverged significantly; export revenues surged to about €445 million, marking a 30% increase from the previous year, while import costs skyrocketed to around €322 million, more than double the cost incurred in 2024. Despite net exports remaining stable at 2.4 TWh, net export income dropped to approximately €123 million, nearly one-third lower than the prior year.
A detailed analysis of generation sources indicates a shifting energy landscape. Coal-fired plants produced 7.8 TWh, reflecting a decrease of around 7% from 2024 due to ongoing coal shortages and limited availability of thermal units. Similarly, hydropower output saw an 8% decline, totaling 4.3 TWh, largely attributable to unfavorable hydrological conditions throughout much of the year.
Conversely, wind and solar installations connected to the transmission grid generated 1.2 TWh, effectively doubling their output as new projects came online. Additionally, smaller renewable facilities linked to the distribution network—including small hydropower, industrial plants, solar, wind, and biogas—contributed a combined total of 1.1 TWh, representing an increase of nearly 50% year-on-year.
Bičakčić anticipates that the rapid expansion of solar capacity will continue to reshape Bosnia and Herzegovina’s power sector, with further growth expected through 2026 as additional renewable projects are brought into operation.
